Pandemics

  • 2006 – SOA – Influenza Pandemic: The Impact on an Insured Lives Life Insurance Portfolio, pub-influenza-the-impact-on-an-insured-lives-life-insurance-portfolio – Society of Actuaries – [link]
  • 2020 05 – NAIC – Historical context of NAIC conversations surrounding disease outbreaks: A retrospective from the NAIC Proceedings – 22p
  • 3. Leverage in the financial sector.
  • The pandemic stressed the resilience of banks, but they remain well capitalized.
  • Leverage at broker-dealers also remains low.
  • In contrast, measures of leverage at life insurance companies are at post-2008 highs….. (p7)

2020 11 – FRB – Financial Stability Report – Leverage, Federal Reserve Board – 83p

  • 2006 – SOA – Influenza Pandemic: The Impact on an Insured Lives Life Insurance Portfolio, pub-influenza-the-impact-on-an-insured-lives-life-insurance-portfolio – Society of Actuaries – [link]
    • References:
    • Glezen, W. Paul: Emerging Infections: Pandemic Influenza. Epidemioplogic Reviews. Vol. 18, No. 1, 1996.
    • Meltzer, Martin I., Cox, Nancy J. and Fukuda, Keiji: The economic impact of pandemic influenza in the United States: priorities for intervention. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 1999; 5(5): 659-671.
    • Nationaler Influenzapandemieplan Teil II-Analysen und Konzepte für Deutschland. Juli 2005, Bericht der Expertengruppe “Influenza-Pandemieplanung” am Robert Koch-Institut.
    • Niall, P., Johnson, S., and Mueller, Juergen: Updating the Accounts: Global Mortality of the 1918-1920 “Spanish” Influenza Pandemic. Bull. Hist. Med., 2002, 76:105-115.
    • Piercy, James and Miles, Adrian: The Economics of Pandemic Influenza in Switzerland. March 2003.
    • Statistisches Jahrbuch 2004, Statistisches Bundesamt.
    • Taubenberger, Jeffrey K., Morens, David M: 1918 Influenza: The Mother of All Pandemics. Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol. 12, No. 1, January 2006.
    • The Pandemic of Influenza in 1918-1919. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Public Health Service. National Office of Vital Statistics. (http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/AMH/XX/WWI/flu/PHS-Pandemic.html).
    • Willets, Richard: The facts behind the hype. The Actuary, December 2005.
    • World Health Organization (WHO): Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 November 2002 to 31 July 2003. (http://www.who.int/csr/sars/country/table2004_04_21/en/index.html).