1990s - SOA - Society of Actuaries

  • Illustrations, Assumptions, Non-guaranteed Elements
  • Actuaries - Judy Faucett, Daphne Bartlett, Donna Claire,
  • GOV - Metzenbaum






  • X - 1995 - SOA - Address of the President, Sam Gutterman - The Redesign of the Actuary, tsr952 - Society of Actuaries - 8p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - 1993-94 United States Lapses by Duration and Product Line: Long-Term Ordinary Lapse Survey, TSR9514 - Society of Actuaries - 26p
  • X - 1995 12 - SOA - 1994-1995 Year in Review, The Actuary, act-1995-vol29-iss10-year-review - Society of Actuaries - 6p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - Actuarial Standards Board (ASB): Current Hot Topics, rsa95v21n4a32 - Society of Actuaries - 18p
  • X - 1995 06 - SOA - Actuaries in regulation influencing the future of industry, by Dwight K. Bartlett, III, The Actuary, act-1995-vol29-iss06-bartlett - Society of Actuaries - 3p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - IV. Annuity Persistency Study, tsr9517 - Society of Actuaries - 80p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - Asset/Liability Issues of Synthetic GICs, rsa95v21n4a16 - Society of Actuaries - 22p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - Cash Value Life Insurance for the Twenty-First Century: Segregated Life and the Individual Death Benefit Account, tsa95v4713 - Society of Actuaries - 50p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - Current Developments Surrounding Regulations and Standards of Life and Annuity Products, rsa95v21n28 - Society of Actuaries - 18p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - Failed Contracts Under International Revenue Code (IRC) Section 7702, rsa95v21n4b19 - Society of Actuaries - 20p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - Practical Illustrations and Nonforfeiture Values, rsa95v21n123 - Society of Actuaries - 14p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - Insurance Illustrations: A Possible Solution, by Lloyd Foster, The Actuary, act-1995-vol29-iss01-foster - Society of Actuaries - 2p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - Innovation in Savings Product Design, rsa95v21n131 - Society of Actuaries - 16p - SOA
  • X - 1995 - SOA - Innovation in Savings Product Design, rsa95v21n217 - Society of Actuaries - 18p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - International Consolidation of the Life Insurance Industry, rsa95v21n4b15 - Society of Actuaries - 20p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - Late-Breaking Developments, rsa95v21n4b13 - [Pacific Life] - Society of Actuaries - 18p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - Liquidity: The Hidden Risk Factor, rsa95v21n219 - Society of Actuaries - 20p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - NAIC Model Investment Law, rsa95v21n29 - Society of  Actuaries - 20p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - Nonforfeiture Laws Update, rsa95v21n4a20 - Society of Actuaries - 18p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - Operations in Research in Insurance: A Review, by Patrick L. Brockett and Xiaohua Xia, tsa95v475 - Society of Actuaries - 82p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - Reengineering Actuarial Functions, rsa95v21n212 - Society of Actuaries - 26p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - Reinsurers and Producers: What Can We Learn from Each Other?, rsa95v21n4a24 - Society of Actuaries - 12p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - Sales Illustrations, rsa95v21n4a18 - Society of Actuaries - 14p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - Sessions With No Written Record, rsa95v21n4b33 - Society of Actuaries - 6p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - Survival Strategies for Mutuals, rsa95v21n127 - Society of Actuaries - 14p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - Synthetic Guaranteed Investment Contracts (GICs): An Overview, rsa95v21n4a2 - Society of Actuaries - 22p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - Technology News Flash, rsa95v21n3a15 - Society of Actuaries - 18p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - Term Insurance: New York Regulation 147 and the NAIC'S XXX, rsa95v21n4a8 - Society of Actuaries - 14p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - The "Pension Max" Election: An Investigation of the Structural and Economic Differences between the 100% Contingent Annuity Pension Benefit Option and the Straight Life Benefit Option, tsa95v4716 - Society of Actuaries - 66p
  • X -  1995 - SOA - The Rating Games, rsa95v21n3b20 - Society of Actuaries - 26p
  • X - 1995 - SOA - What Can We Learn From Company Failures?, rsa95v21n4a25 - Society of Actuaries - 14p

  • X - 1996 - SOA - Accounting for Reinsurance Agreements, rsa96v22n3122ts - Society of Actuaries - 22p
  • X - 1996 - SOA - Actuaries In and Around Litigation, rsa96v22n364pd - Society of Actuaries - 30p
  • X - 1996 - SOA - An Alternative to Assumption Reinsurance, rsa96v22n324pd - Society of Actuaries - 27p
  • X - 1996 - SOA - Anderson Memorial Fund established to Support actuarial research work, act-1996-vol30-iss01-heacox-b - Society of Actuaries - 2p
  • X - 1996 - SOA - A New Look at U.S. Nonforfeiture Regulation, rsa96v22n151of - Society of Actuaries - 16p
  • X - 1996 - SOA - Asset-Backed Securities, rsa96v22n164ts - Society of Actuaries - 25p
  • X - 1996 - SOA - Competitors to the Life Insurance Industry, rsa96v22n186if - Society of Actuaries - 26p
  • X - 1996 - SOA - Dynamic Financial Condition Analysis Handbook Task Force, rsa96v22n3146if - Society of Actuaries - 21p
  • X - 1996 - SOA - Implementing the Illustration Regulation: The Clock Is Ticking, rsa96v22n3135pd - Society of Actuaries - 25p
  • X - 1996 - SOA - Investment Under the Risk-Based Capital (RBC) and Rating Agencies Requirements, rsa96v22n125i - Society of Actuaries - 16p
  • X - 1996 - SOA - Legal Issues Affecting Nontraditional Products, rsa96v22n387pd - Society of Actuaries - 14p
  • X - 1996 - SOA - library reminds members of services, fees, The Actuary, act9610 - Society of Actuaries - 20p-page 16
  • X - 1996 - SOA - Life Insurance Sales Illustrations-What's Next?, rsa96v22n187d - Society of Actuaries - 22p
  • X - 1996 - SOA - National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) Recent Developments, rsa96v22n345sm - Society of Actuaries - 14p
  • X - 1996 - SOA - Nonforfeiture Law Developments, rsa96v22n38pd - Society of Actuaries - 23p
  • X - 1996 - SOA - Professional Standards Affecting Life Actuaries, rsa96v22n3121pd - Society of Actuaries - 18p
  • X - 1996 05 - SOA - State Variations and Their Impacts on Valuation, rsa96v22n183pd - Society of Actuaries - 28p
  • X - 1996 06 - SOA - State Variations and Their Impacts on Valuation, rsa96v22n2126pd - Society of Actuaries - 6p
  • X - 1996 - SOA - The Actuarial Black Box, by Sam Gutterman, The Actuary, act-1996-vol30-iss01-gutterman-b - Society of Actuaries - 2p 
  • X - 1996 - SOA - The Impact of Technology on the Distribution of Insurance and Financial Services, rsa96v22n136pd - Society of Actuaries - 11p 
  • X - 1996 - SOA - Technology and the Small-Company Actuary, rsa96v22n15pd - Society of Actuaries - 20p
  • X - 1996 - SOA - Update on Life Insurance Illustrations, rsa96v22n327pd - Society of Actuaries - 24p

  • X - 1997 - SOA - 1986-92 Credit Risk Loss Experience Study: Private Placement Bonds, tsr975 - Society of Actuaries - 104p
  • X - 1997 - SOA - A Comparison of Canadian and U.S. Reserving Methods and Their Financial Implications, rsa97v23n28of - Society of Actuaries - 30p
  • X - 1997 - SOA - "Actuarial Counseling" - A New Role for the Actuarial Profession, rsa97v23n365pd - Society of Actuaries - 21p
  • X - 1997 - SOA - Actuarial Modeling, rsa97v23n378pd - Society of Actuaries - 18p
  • X - 1997 - SOA - Anatomy of an Earned-Interest Rate, rsa97v23n24pd - Society of Actuaries - 22p
  • X - 1997 - SOA - Bank Alliance Niche for Insurers, rsa97v23n379pd - Society of Actuaries - 22p
  • X - 1997 - SOA - Dynamic Financial Condition Analysis Update, rsa97v23n3120if - Society of Actuaries - 21p
  • X - 1997 - SOA - Equity-Indexed Insurance Products - Pricing, Investment, Accounting, and Reserving, rsa97v23n399pd - Society of Actuaries - 21p
  • X - 1997 - SOA - Keeping Current on Fixed Annuities, rsa97v23n255pd - Society of Actuaries - 21p
  • X - 1997 - SOA - Own the Problem:  That's Where to Start, says Actuary Turned Exec - [Stanley Tulin], act-1997-vol31-iss08-bitowt - Society of Actuaries - 3p
  • X - 1997 - SOA - Securitization of Insurance Company Assets and Liabilities, rsa97v23n374pd - Society of Actuaries - 25p
  • X - 1997 - SOA - Selling Life Insurance Over the Internet, rsa97v23n3103i - Society of Actuaries - 21p
  • X - 1997 - SOA - Social Security and Medicare-What Does the Future Hold?, rsa97v23n1114pd - Society of Actuaries - 23p
  • X - 1997 - SOA - Term Insurance Reserving, rsa97v23n35pd - Society of Actuaries - 24p
  • X - 1997 - SOA - The Role of Banks in Insurance Markets, rsa97v23n271pd - Society of Actuaries - 25p
  • X - 1997 - SOA - Universal and Variable Insurance Products, Professional Actuarial Specialty Guide, spg9707uvip - Society of Actuaries - 6p
  • X - 1997 - SOA - Vanishing Premium Illustrations Revisited, by Arnold F. Shapiro, arch97v121 - Society of Actuaries - 10p
  • X - 1997 - SOA - Variable Products-Pricing Issues, rsa97v23n311pd - Society of Actuaries - 19p

  • X - 1998 01 - SOA - Actuarial Futures - Actuarial Assumptions and the Future, by W. Harold Phillips [Hal], Senior Life Actuary at the California Department of Insurance, fsn-1998-iss18-phillips - Society of Actuaries - 4p
  • X - 1998 - SOA - An Actuary Reads the Newspaper: What's Between the Lines?, rsa98v24n3153pd - Society of Actuaries - 24p
  • X - 1998 06 - SOA - Breakthrough ideas: Stint in WWII operations research unit was just the beginning, by Jacqueline Bitowt, act-1998-vol32-iss06-bitowt - Society of Actuaries - 2p
  • X - 1998 - SOA - Corporate Governance of Investments: Avoiding the Next Class-Action Suit, rsa98v24n374pd - Society of Actuaries - 20p
  • X - 1998 - SOA - Credit Enhancement of Guaranteed Investment Contracts and Funding Agreements, rsa98v24n3115pd - Society of Actuaries - 14p
  • X1998 - SOA - Current Issues in Product Pricing, rsa98v24n3133pd - Society of Actuaries - 20p
  • X - 1998 - SOA - Current Issues in Sales Illustrations, rsa98v24n133of - Society of Actuaries - 26p
  • X - 1998 - SOA - Equity-Indexed Products: Now That You Have Them, What Are You Going To Do With Them? - rsa98v24n159pd - Society of Actuaries - 22p - SOA
  • X - 1998 - SOA - Generally Recognized Expense Table For 1998 Illustrations.  Society of Actuaries Committee on Life Insurance Research. Report To The NAIC Life Disclosure Working Group, tsr973 - Society of Actuaries - 8p
  • X - 1998 - SOA - Insurance Compensation Trends and Outlook, rsa98v24n131if - Society of Actuaries - 27p
  • X - 1998 - SOA - Introduction To Value-At-Risk, rsa98v24n279pd - Society of Actuaries - 26p
  • X - 1998 06 - SOA - Israel's Life Insurance Industry, by Akiva Zohar, isn-1998-iss16-zohar - Society of Actuaries - 7p
  • X - 1998 - SOA - Market Conduct: A New Actuarial Frontier, rsa98v24n312of - Society of Actuaries - 20p
  • X - 1998 - SOA - Market Conduct Issues for Product Development Actuaries, rsa98v24n118pd - Society of Actuaries - 27p
    • Summary: Market conduct issues are perhaps one of the most serious facing the life insurance industry today. How did we get to this point? And more importantly, what actions are companies taking to address these issues?
  • X - 1998 - SOA - Mortality and Lapse Rates, rsa98v24n331pd - Society of Actuaries - 22p
  • X - 1998 03 - SOA - New Standard Nonforfeiture Law: Unsafe at Any Speed?, by Douglas C. Doll (p1), pdn9803 - Society of Actuaries - 15p
  • X - 1998 - SOA - Once in a Hundred Years, rsa98v24n393pd - Society of Actuaries - 22p
  • X - 1998 - SOA - Organizations That Impact The Financial Reporting World of Life Insurance Actuaries, rsa98v24n346sm - Society of Actuaries - 18p
  • X - 1998 - SOA - Profiting from Financial Turmoil in Asian Insurance Markets, rsa98v24n257pd - Society of Actuaries - 22p
  • X - 1998 - SOA - Structuring of Foreign Insurance Entities in Latin America, rsa98v24n194pd - Society of Actuaries - 25p
  • X - 1998 - SOA - Subjective Value at Risk, by Glyn Holton, rrn9810 - Society of Actuaries - 32p
  • X - 1998 - SOA - Synthetic GIC and Guaranteed Separate Account Model Regulations, by Victor Modugno (p1), rrn9810 - Society of Actuaries - 32p
  • X - 1998 - SOA - Up-to-the-Minute News Flash on Regulatory Developments, rsa98v24n16pd - Society of Actuaries - 18p

  • X - 1999 - SOA / VASP - 1999 Valuation Actuary Symposium, va99-44of, Edward L. Robbins, Society of Actuaries - 28p
  • X - 1999 - SOA - A Brief History of Universal Life,  by Douglas C. Doll, m-as99-3-06 - Society of Actuaries - 4p
  • X - 1999 - SOA - An Expanded Financial Structure for Ordinary Dividends, by Donald D. Cody, m-as99-1_iii - Society of Actuaries - 28p
  • X - 1999 - SOA - 'Biggest by a mile' Megamergers' 1998 peaks signal trends for actuaries (p1), act9902 - Society of Actuaries - 15p
  • X - 1999 - SOA - CEO Perspective: The Future of Financial Services, rsa99v25n330pd - Society of Actuaries - 19p
  • X - 1999 - SOA - Give Me Some Credit! The 50-Year History of Credit Regulation, rsa99v25n3103pd - Society of Actuaries - 21p
  • X - 1999 - SOA - Impact of Regulatory Uncertainty on Product Innovation, rsa99v25n163pd - Society of Actuaries - 19p
  • X - 1999 - SOA - Industry Convergence-Bank Participation, rsa99v25n382pd - Society of Actuaries - 18p
  • X - 1999 - SOA - Insurance Company Failures of the Early 1990s - Have We Learned Anything?, rsa99v25n161pd - Society of Actuaries - 25p
    • Summary: The early 1990s saw the failure of three major life insurance companies in North America - Executive Life, Mutual Benefit, and Confederation Life.
    • The panel looks back at the settlements of these insolvencies and how different policyholders fared.
    • Changes in the insurance industry, credit analysis, and marketplace resulting from these failures are discussed. The panel also represents the changes in regulation designed to prevent or lessen the impact of future insolvencies and tries to assess the likelihood of a major failure in the future.
  • X - 1999 - SOA - Jim Anderson's Predictions, rsa99v25n3124pd - Society of Actuaries - 18p
  • X - 1999 - SOA - Macro Pricing: A Comprehensive Product Development Process, by Shane Chalke, m-as99-3-02 - Society of Actuaries - 52p
  • X - 1999 - SOA - Mortality Rates as a Function of Lapse Rates, arch99v18 - Society of Actuaries - 16p
  • X - 1999 - SOA - Small Companies & Federal vs. State Regulation, stn-1999-iss14-hill - Society of Actuaries - 3p
  • X - 1999 - SOA - The Future of Life Insurance Products: Lessons from the Past, by Christian DesRochers, stn-1999-iss14-desrochers - Society of Actuaries - 3p
  • X - 1999 - SOA - The Next Generation Universal Life, rsa99v25n127pd - Society of Actuaries - 30p
  • X - 1999 - SOA - The Role of the Actuary in Litigation Support, rsa99v25n191cs - Society of Actuaries - Society of Actuarie - 16p
  • X - 1999 10 - SOA - Un-MECing a MEC, by Arthur C. Schneider & Cherri R. Divin, frn-1999-iss40-divinschneider - 4p

  • 1995 - SOA - Current Developments Surrounding Regulations and Standards of Life and Annuity Products, Society of Actuaries - 18p
    • James D. ATKINS: I'd like to start out by posing a question and that is, what is the impetus behind introducing this illustration regulation? Why are we doing this?
    • Robert WILCOX (NAIC - Chairman of the Life Disclosure Working Group - Utah Insurance Commissioner):  Whatever we did to illustrate those contracts when they were sold, the policyholders did not understand the contingent nature of that vanish. That's the underlying reason we got into this.
    • MR. ATKINS: You mean just because they didn't understand the vanishing premium illustration we have all this regulation being imposed?
    • MR. WILCOX: If you try to get down to the catalyst that made it turn the comer, that's probably true.

  • Walter MILLER: Perhaps that was the catalyst, but I have a somewhat different point of view as to what triggered all this.
    • In addition to the widely publicized sets of problems that had to do with the vanishing premium illustrations, much of that had to do not so much with the illustration, but how the illustration was explained, if at all. I mean that's a somewhat different animal.
    • There are many industry people, however, who feel that for better or worse, there is a perception among many regulators that too many companies are being too aggressive in the bases underlying their illustrations and we need to do something about that.
      • I think there are several new model regulations that your group is developing and there's obviously some proposed actuarial standard of practice that addressed this point.
  • MR. WILCOX: I think you're right, Walter, in a significant respect.
    • The fact is that a minority would be inclined to make those overly aggressive assumptions and produce unsupportable illustrations, but every time one company would take that stand and use assumptions for the illustration that don't make sense, there's another company that competes with them and feels compelled to play in the same ball park and then another company that competes with them.
    • In the absence of regulation on those who would be most aggressive, the problem grows, but your point is well taken.
  • MR. ATKINS: Does anybody think the market could take care of these excesses on its own?
  • MR. MILLER: It demonstratively hasn't.
    • I published an article in a CLU journal several years ago where I wrote about what I call "The Illustration Is The Product," a syndrome that unfortunately pervades our industry. To agents, potential customers, their advisors, and some regulators, the illustration is the product. If this illustration looks better than that illustration, then this policy is a better policy than that policy and that means this company is better than that company.

1995 – SOA – Current Developments Surrounding Regulations and Standards of Life and Annuity Products, Society of Actuaries – 18p


  • 1995 - SOA - Practical Illustrations and Nonforfeiture Values, Society of Actuaries - 14p
    • KEVIN A. MARTI: What I'm thinking about in particular is, Universal Life companies, back in the early 1980s, were illustrating interest rates that we all knew were not realistic long term.

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